Most seem to be caused by a complex mix of risk factors, some environmental and some genetic or hereditary. Very few tumors and cancers have a single known cause. The reason why a particular pet may develop this, or any tumor or cancer, is not straightforward. Limbal melanomas are benign (non-cancerous) and less common than iris melanomas. Limbal melanomas develop from the melanocytes found at the limbus, the border of the cornea (transparent front part of the eye), and the sclera (white part of the eye). They are malignant (cancerous).Īnother type of ocular melanoma in cats is the limbal (sometimes called epibulbar) melanoma. Diffuse iris melanomas develop from the melanocytes of the iris. Intraocular melanomas are rare, but the diffuse iris (iridal) melanoma – referred to as ‘diffuse’ because it has the ability to spread – is the most common primary intraocular (inside the eye) tumor in cats. Melanin is a pigment that gives skin, hair, and eyes their color. In the eye, they can be found in the iris (the thin, circular structure in the eye that gives the eye its color and controls the size of the pupil) as well as beneath the retina (the thin layer of tissue that lines the back of the eye). Melanocytes are cells found throughout the body in many tissues (e.g., skin, eye, inner ear, bones, and heart). A melanoma of the eye is a type of cancer that develops from the disorganized uncontrolled proliferation of melanocytes.
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